HISTORY ?? OF THE WHITE RACE

" MARCH OF THE TITANS "
HISTORY ? OF THE WHITE RACE

Many of you have heard of a book called "March of the Titans. The History of the White Race" That you can download from http://www.stormfront.org/whitehistory/, that tries be an overhaul of the history of all the present and past nations of white race. Until here nothing to say, further more, is one of the scare initiatives made inside the racialism world. But gives a slanted, interested and even clearly manipulated vision of the history of the aryan nations that do not form part of the nordic - germanic field. There is a deviationism to nordic thesis, although in the complete sense of the word, it's not nordicist, because he accepts the original mediterranean white race as compatible with the nordic one, so the mix of both had gave place to the great mediterranean cultures, the greek and roman the base of our Occidental culture, but of the type that consider the south - europeans not as descendants of this mix between original mediterranean people and nordics, but of this nordic - mediterranean that have been infiltrated in a disproportionate way by non white african races

Chapter 22

The chapters dedicated to Spain and Portugal start praising the role that these countries had had in the history of Europe, but his splendor fell down in the moment they lost his racial purity

a) The first inhabitants of Spain.
Tell this book that the first inhabitants of Spain, apart form the primogenial people of European race that inhabit the Peninsula (we must understand for this Iberos and Ligures, although they are not mentioned in the book) were the Phoenicians, and after them the Greeks, following his theory the first pure indoeuropean that arrived to Spain round the year 600 B.C. This people was followed by waves of Celts that occupied big areas of Spain and mixed themselves with the other tribes they found (the problem is that the first Celtic waves arrived in the 800 B.C., 200 years before the Greeks) . After that, he talks about the arrival of the Carthaginians, Vandals, Alanos, Suevos and Visigoths, and logically the muslims. It's curious that he mentions in a separate space the Sephardims but not the Romans, so we suppose this is to avoid facts of interest.

Our Replay:
First of all, the invasions of indoeuropean people happened in the same dates as the first contacts of the Phoenicians with the Iberians in the meridional coast and the spanish Levant. Nevertheless, the contribution that made the Phoenicians to the Iberian population was in essence a cultural contribution: the Phoenicians didn't arrive with his families neither with human contingents of importance. No, they were just limited to establish commercial bases to exchange his products with the native population.

Obviously the first 'pure' indoeuropeans that arrived to Spain were not the greeks, but the same inhabitants of the Peninsula, the ones that concede his name: the Iberians. We must make a brief mention of the resemblance between the language, the divinities they praise, the funeral rites, the structure of the Iberian society and the values that rule it, that had an incredible similitude, with those people consider as indoeuropeans.
This fact of considering the Iberians as a non - indoeuropean nation, comes from the studies that Schulten made in the first 20's years and that for an interpretation error, placed the Iberian as originals of the North of Africa. This theory has nowadays been rejected by the historians. The Iberians, as the Ligures or the Ilírios were aryan populations that settle down in specific european zones much time before the arrival of the Celts or other Germanic tribes.
Even so, we want to highlight that the Celtic language, or for being more exacts, a subdivision of this language, was spoken in the Peninsula a century before the Celtics invaded the north of Italy, what gives a clue of the importance, profundity and drench that the celtic culture had in the Iberian Peninsula. Furthermore, the first known cultural manifestations of the Peninsula, as the 'Culture of the Argar' or the 'Culture of the Campos de Urnas' have complete syntony with centereuropean cultural manifestations

More presence in our land had the Carthaginians than the Phoenicians, because not in vain they recruited enormous amounts of Iberos and Celts soldiers for his warlike campaigns (in fact, the father of Anibal was assassinated by a celtíberian member of his personal guard) although their racial inheritance has been null in the Spanish people, something stated by a great number of historians of relevance and enormous prestige (Apart from that it is not clearly known the origin of the Carthaginians and at least it is knew that the leader caste belonged to the Aryan race).

The Roman and germanic invasions we will leave it apart since it is an aspect that does not need any discussion, but we want to make a note on the abolition of the prohibition of marriages between Hispanic-Roman (although it would be better to indicate, Celtiberian ) and Visigoths which it is mentioned in the book as a fact of racial degeneration. What it was advocated with this measurement was the integration of these nucleus of population giving Spain a unique racial and ethnic configuration. Something, that on the other hand, responded to a concrete reality: the relations between Visigoths and Hispanic-Roman had improved considerably and the symbiosis between both nations was total, and so did not have sense going against the will of both nations. The prohibition did not affect to the dispositions against the Jews, because the Church established well clear the prohibition of marriages between Jews and Christians. Furthermore this prohibition was not only abolished but was dictated a law that called urgently to the fusion between both nations (Hispanic-Roman and Visigoths).

b) The Spaniards after the Reconquest
This chapter is essential within the space that destines Spain. It is spoken in broad features of that the Spaniards remained pure in the north but there was a bastardization in the south. Also it is spoken of the abundant Jewish population that was in Spain.
Later they are made mentions to the expulsions of Jews and moriscos, our Empire... and he says that with the expulsion of the 250.000 moriscos in the days of Felipe II the contribution of the Muslim invaders to the " dark look " of the Spaniards is insignificant. And within this it appears a subparagraph in which was the slavery policy in Spain and in which it is mentioned that not less of a MILLION of black slaves (as you read it, a MILLION) were imported to Spain and as a result of this, the Spaniards mixed themselves with them ,and that is the reason of why the Spanish have the hair brown and the skin darker than the Nordics (already he takes for granted that in Spain there are no people with Nordic appearance, the hair and the eyes of clear color and with the extremely white skin).
Here you can read some parts of the original text :
"EXPULSION OF 250,000 MIXED RACE PEOPLES BY PHILIP II The Moors had occupied Spain for over 700 years, so it was inevitable that they would have mixed with the local population over whom they ruled. In this way a not insignificant amount of Moorish - in reality mixed race Arabic/Black - blood entered a few Spanish families in the southernmost parts of Spain and Portugal. The Gothic Spaniards did however recognize this as an issue, and in 1609, the Spanish king, Philip III, ordered the physical expulsion of some 250,000 "Moriscos" or Christianized Moors from the country, purely on the basis of their race and not their religion - a marked difference to the earlier expulsion of the Jews, who, if genuinely converted to Catholicism, were allowed to stay. The vast majority of these Christianized Moors were in reality of mixed race - part Moorish, part White Spanish (hence their adherence to Christianity). This remarkable example of the expulsion on racial grounds was a major reason why the infusion of Moorish blood into Spain was not as significant as it could have been, and thus played only a minor contributing role in the creation of the dark looks for which some Spaniards are still known today. "

IMPORTATION OF BLACK SLAVES - IN EXCESS OF 1 MILLION
Spanish colonial policy was different from colonial policies being pursued by other White nations in Europe (with the exception of Portugal, which followed the Spanish example). Instead of colonizing their acquisitions with millions of their own people, the Spanish used their colonial possessions purely as economic resources. Spanish men who went to South America, the Caribbean or even North America, did not take families or Spanish women with them.
The result was a massive degree of mixing with the local populations in the Spanish colonies, producing an overwhelmingly mixed race population still prevalent in Central and Southern America. In addition to this, the Spaniards, like most other European nations, became users of Black slaves in its colonies - millions of Blacks were imported to South and Central America, adding a further dimension to the racial mix in those territories. However, also in common with Portugal and again differing with the other European nations, a huge number of Black slaves were imported into Spain itself. Although it has never been established what were the exact numbers of Black slaves imported into Spain, the figure was certainly in excess of one million. Almost all of these Blacks from deepest Africa were then absorbed into Spain, significantly altering vast numbers of the Spanish population. The infusion of this huge number of Black slaves into the Spanish population finally created the very dark element in Spanish society to this day, quite incorrectly referred to as part of the "Mediterranean" population of that country. [...] It would however be incorrect to class every single Spaniard with this same brush - many Spaniards did not mix with either the Moors or the Black slaves. These people remained strongest in the north of Spain. "

Our Replay:

The simplification of the Reconquest as a fight between the semitic element and the aryan element is a thing that any historian with a minimum of rigor rejects. First of all because the predominant element between the Spanish population was the aryan (and with this we are not talking about the aryan features that in more or less way could have the andalusians governors of arabic origin) and the fact that the aryan population of Al-Andalus was bigger that the population of semitic origin (the first muslims invaders of Muza and Tarik were 16.000 men in Spain, a nation of approximately 8 millions). Neither we can forget that the major part of the components of the muslim army were Berbers, and even, descendants of Vandals and Alanos (in the first arrivals) . It's true that in Al-andalus was settled a non-aryan population, of the kind of nobility rulers or slaves (black slaves imported from Sudan) but it's also true that the presence of troops and different north african tribes was temporary, and that they returned to the North of Africa once they were overthrown, precisely, for the arrival of other 'magrebish' invader tribes

The Granada Kingdom, the last focus of muslim resistance, in the moment of his fall, had a population of 200.000 people, people that came to establish themselves in Granada from other lands that have fallen under Christian domination. After the conquest of Granada, and during the next years to the fall they were migratory processes towards Africa that didn't have many continuity in the time due to the famine and the pest that suffered the north of Africa. Nevertheless, the finishing stroke to these social group (the muslims) came with the expulsions of Moriscos in 1609

We have to explain that what was ejected between 1609 and 1614 were the descendants of the muslims converted to Catholicism (moriscos). They were ejected several generations of muslim descendants, with independence of his race (over the 250.000, although some authors spoke of a number of 180.000) something that produced great losses to the spanish economy and that affected seriously to the depopulation of some regions of Spain, specially the Kingdoms of Aragon and Valencia. The governors of these days preferred the racial and social stability interests to the economical interests. Also, the ejection's processes of moriscos were already made during the revolt of the Alpujarras in 1571

The bibliography about this subject is enough extensive and documented, so we will not make more comments. Anyway we have to make a brief mention about the repopulation process followed after the reconquest that formed an Andalusia of a clear Castilian character; apart from the important human apportions of the Kingdoms of Navarra and Aragon, and the colonist arrived from Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria and Vasconia, we must talk about the province of Jaén that was repopulated with German country mans, and more than 40 villages and cities (like 'La Carolina') were founded thanks to this repopulation.
Finally we must highlight one of the thesis of this writer, he says that the Muslim invasion (714 A.C.) was in part a reply to the action of Carlomagno (that was crowned in the year 800 A.C.), what makes the muslims of Tarik, the first tribe of cameleers able to guess the future with a pair of generations of advance...

Now we go with the black slaves subject

According to what says the historian Mr. Juan F. Cabestany in a book: " In the XVI century (kingdoms of Carlos I and Felipe II) there were like 100.000 slaves in all the Iberian Peninsula. Those were or of oriental (mainly Slavic) origin or black africans; while the first descent and were extinguished during the XVIII century, the second group increased to substitute the Slavic. The slaves of oriental origin many times reach the freedom converting themselves to Christianity, as they could not exist christian slaves. This rule wasn't valid for the blacks, being very difficult for them to reach the freedom. The slavery was abolished by the Royal Decree of 7 of October of 1886"

So the black slaves never were 1.000.000 as Mr. Kemp says, but only reached the tenth part, a number of 100.000 and in this number were both blacks slaves and white Slavic slaves. It's also curious that the Spanish Church took much time in abolishing the slavery, even more than the anglosaxon countries, traditionally more pro slavery. We have to remember than in Spain, during many time, the Church said that the blacks didn't had soul. It's said by Mr. Cabestany that the number of black increased, but also that they could difficulty reach the freedom, as they could not even convert themselves to Christianity, because following the doctrine of the Church they didn't have soul, so they could not be persons as they didn't have souls, an therefore there couldn't be christian "animals", so with many difficulties they could mix with the rest of the population.
Now then, if we take the year 1886 as the date in which starts the freedom of blacks, and supposing they were 'diluted' (as Mr. Kemp says) between the spanish white population, the descent will be still evident in our 2002 year. Because any racial anthropologist or geneticist knows, that in a relative short time (116 years) , and in more longer periods (according to the 'Laws of Mendel') the descendants of the union of an individual of white race and other of black race clearly present black features, as the black race is genetically dominant ( for this reason there are blacks in the USA that have a 28% of white genes)
The economical situation that existed in Spain during the XVI and XVII centuries didn't need of any use of the slavery, neither there are data that prove the importation, in a so high sum, of a Million of black slaves, it's only refereed in no important data. Be aware that Mr. Kemp is talking of data of a similar grade like the number of slaves imported to the hole U.S.A. The unique mentions made to the blacks in Spain in these centuries are inside the 'knavery literature', and in counted exceptions, and they are refereed to mere individuals, always in pejorative terms and associated to the lowest of the society (this can be seen in the book "El Buscón" of Quevedo, where with sluggishness he relates that a kid was fill of a whore and a black)

Now we'll talk a little bit about the slavery in the colonies.

First of all we must remark that the importation of american indigenous to Spain was forbidden.
In 1886 they didn't existed high groups of slaves, black or of any other color in the present Spanish territories. Although not by law, in the practice the slavery in the colonies had been limited to the colonies of the Caribbean (and within these there were more in Sto Domingo and Cuba than in Puerto Rico), being non existent even in the Philippines, in where, in spite of the existence of a plantational system, this worked on the basis of colons and non enslaved indigenous workers . The lack of "soul" of the black slaves was not discussed in the colony, but this didn't impeded that in the Cuba of the XVIII Century were more free blacks that in the one of XIX Century, and in fact in the war of Independence of the U.S.A. free black regiments combated under the flag of Carlos III; and in the period of Carlos IV, and with the intention to protect Florida of the Americans (badly thankful in spite of the money lent by Carlos III for its independence) he offered the freedom to the black slaves that will convert themselves to the catholicism, and when Florida was finally sold to the U.S.A., they were removed from the peninsula of Florida and established as free blacks in Cuba, where several generations after, continue living blacks with english surnames that descend from the escaped from Alabama and the Carolinas...

The subject with the Spanish colonial system until the last period of the Borbones and the unfortunate action of the almost masons of the Society of Friends of the Country, and other illustrated of the Spanish Imperial system, was a stamental system in which the citizens, or the subjects, were not alone in front of the Crown or under the Crown, but were necessarily, part of a social estate equipped with its own rules, laws and judges. The Indian, the free black, or the Spanish never was unprotected front to the power of the crown, but that within their class they had a series of rules that defend it and make it an active part of a greater reality: the Empire. In the period of the Spanish colony, first in Southamerica and after in Cuba the interracial weddings were seriously legislated and controlled, they needed a special permission and they were rare at least until the times of Fernando VII.
In short that non only was no million of black slaves in Spain but furthermore in the Colonies they didn't had many occasions to mix themselves until very late in the XIX Century, in which the religious or stamental taboos were substituted by social and economical taboos, as hard as the previous ones.

It is evident that in this tale of Mr. Kemp with the black slaves of Spain has happened just like to the creators of 'Popeye the Sailor' with the spinach, that added a zero to the amount of iron in grams that this vegetable contains.
We don't know who has been the 'illuminated' that has told Mr. Kemp such a foolish, but we should recommend to Mr Kemp's informat, that has such an imaginative mind, that do not waste it creating humbugs and lies about the history of Spain, because he could have a very good future giving ideas to science fiction books.

Continuing with Chapter 22

GYPSIES - SPAIN'S FIVE CENTURIES LONG IMMIGRATION INVASION
As if the Black slaves and Moorish occupation was not enough, Spain's racial character has also been significantly affected by a five century long immigration of Gypsies, dark wandering nomads who had their origin in India itself. The Gypsies spread throughout Europe but concentrated in Spain and Romania, where their numbers are in the millions.
In Spain, the Gypsies occupied large areas to the point where significant parts of what is thought of as Spanish culture - for example the "Flamenco" dance - is in fact Gypsy in origin. In this way, much of what is regarded as Spanish is actually Gypsy, and it can be argued with a fair degree of certainty that the Gypsy element in Spain's current mixed race population is very high - possibly even a majority, given that the Spaniards expelled both Moors and other mixed race elements during that country’s history.
The official 1992 estimate of the number of Gypsies in Spain was around 600,000 - like all official figures, it
is most likely an underestimation and does not include the vast number of mixed race Spanish/Gypsy people who display the classic "dark" appearance so incorrectly associated with true Spaniards.

It would however be incorrect to class every single Spaniard with this same brush - many Spaniards did not mix with either the Moors, Black slaves or the Gypsies. These people remained strongest in the north of Spain.

Our Replay:

If we want to talk about the gypsies and their culture is necessary to explain the characteristic and history of these nomads.
The first gypsies appeared in Spain in the XV century, among the pilgrim that went to Santiago de Compostela. The first document that reflect their presence is dated in 1425, in Aragon. But in 1499 is dated the first decree of the Catholic Kings against the gypsies. Between the XVI and XVIII centuries they suffered important prosecutions, and was in the Constitution of the 'democratic' Spain in 1977 where they were recognized for first time as citizens by right (with all the rights), equals to any Spaniard. One example of this legal discrimination is that in the regulations of the Guardia Civil (a police corps with militar structure) till 1976 we could find articles that allow this policeman to act randomly with the gypsies, and for example they could obligate the gypsies to proof with bills that the clothes they were wearing were of his property. The gypsies have his own idiom the 'caló'. The whites in this idiom are called 'payos' that means silly / churl. His religion its based in a God creator, a series of devils and the ancestors that keep the morality and the behaviour of their descendants. This is mixed with the Christianity and the devotion to Saints and Virgins. They have their own laws to resolve the problems of the community.
More important is their familiar structures, they are divided in clans / lineages; the union of the families come of agreement, a gypsy girl had assigned a future husband in his childhood, and she gets married with 13 or 14 years old, and had his first child one or two years after getting married. Those who didn't want to follow the clan rules will have many problems, and we'll be expelled from the community. Also if they have relations with a person different from his/her assigned partner it would be consider as a stain in the honour of the fammilly. They live in a patriacharl society, and also very sexist. This has been maintained since 40 or so years ago, when the gypsies went to live to big cites and the customs were relaxed. In all the studies about racism at the question about: What races do you reject? or With which neighbours you won't would like to live? The gypsies appear always in the first position in the opinion polls, in Spain is the collective that more rejection and racial prejudices provoke. Even nowadays, in spite of the moorish and black invasion were are suffering, they maintain his 'privileged' position.
So as you can image, this facts made very difficult the mix between white spanish and gypses. The most important concentration of gypses has been historically located in Andalucia. In this region the gypses sheltered the moriscos that scaped from the prosecutions in other regions, and mixed with them.

Now comes the cultural question, in your book we can read " In Spain, the Gypsies occupied large areas to the point where significant parts of what is thought of as Spanish culture - for example the "Flamenco" dance - is in fact Gypsy in origin. In this way, much of what is regarded as Spanish is actually Gypsy,"

Well the Spanish culture is not only the Flamenco and bull-fighting. In the regions of the north like Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria or Vasque region you could find folklore with celtic links, like the traditional dances with bagpipes, and we don't think that the bagpipe was invented by a gypsy. Also in Aragon, Cataluña or Valencia they had his own dances and culture.
Other thing are the ancients origins of Flamenco, the gypsies do not invented the flamenco, they just gave his own interpretation to pre-existent chants and dances. There are references in the classic chronicles, like the ones of the latin poet Décimo Junio Juvenal, that wrote about the girls of Cadiz, that danced a dance called "cantica Gaditanae” to amuse the intellectuals contemporaneous of Tito and Trajano. Other classic athours like Estrabón, Estacio, Marcial or Plinio talk about this "cantica Gaditanae”and the tartessian 'metric-tunable' laws. With the pass of the centuries there was an evolution and in Andalucia, this ancient chants were mixed with Visigothics chants, the Mozarab chants (jarchya and zéjel) and after the prohibition of muslims chants in the reconquered regions, with the romancer. The gypsies in the XVII century adopted these chants and dances.
This dances and chants were not called 'Flamenco' till 1780. It's also interesting that the word 'Flamenco' is not of gypsie orign, it was used to refer, in a praising sense, to the singer that stood out, in asociation with the excellent singers of Flemish orign that performed in the XVI century in the Spanish chatedrals. It was also used to refer to the 'Flemish Tercios', which songs were known as 'chants of the flemish'

So the gypsies made of this art one of their ways of life, they went to the villages markets with their carts selling their products and amusing the people. They started also to act in roadside inn, taverns, saloons, and 'singer-cafes' so the Flamenco become very popular. So that is the reason of why the Flamenco is identified with the gypsies. During Franquist regime the Flamenco exhibitions, bull fighting, religious events and soccer were boosted and used to entertain the people so they do not think of their conditions of live and organize a revolt; also since its so popular among turists it has been marketed so much that this produced an identification of the flamenco as the most important Spanish cultural manifestation, but as we have said, in Spain there are more things apart from Flamenco.
An important fact that proves that the Flamenco is not Gypsy in origin, is that in Romania, wich is the country with more numbers of Gypsies, the flamenco do not exist, and they have their own 'zingar' dances, very different from Flamenco. Neither it exist in the gypsies communities of Yugoslavia or of the countries of the east of europe.

The official 1992 estimate of the number of Gypsies in Spain was around 600,000, but the population of Spain is of 40.000.000 of habitants, so there are no more of the 1,5%.
As we have previously told most of the people do not want to have gypsies as neighbour, due to their ancestral relation with thief and crimes, and their low cultural knowledge (the 70 % of the gypsies are analphabets), so if they are not wanted like neighbours it's difficult to think that they have been accepted as wife / husband or son-in-law through the last five centuries, so their influence to the Spain's racial character has not been very important, and it has had only some importance in the region of Andalucia, where is concentrated half of the gypsy population.

Chapter 23 " The third great racial war: the Moorish invade Europe "

This chapter is curious, in it Mr. Kemps contraditics himself with the theories exposed in chapter 22

"THE WHITE RECONQUEST During the period of Muslim dominance in Spain, a few regions managed
to hold out against the Arabs even at their height. In this way Barcelona was never occupied by the Arabs, as were some northern regions. These regions banded together in a broad anti-Muslim alliance, and began pushing south, slowly but surely driving the Muslims back. This was a painfully slow process and lasted many hundreds of years - more than enough time for a certain amount of mixing between parts of the White population and the Arab rulers to have taken place, helping to create the "dark" Spanish look which can be seen amongst many inhabitants of Spain today. This mixing process in Spain was, as in Greece and Rome, not as complete as in the regions of North Africa or the Middle East, and large numbers of Whites remained intact on the European side of the Mediterranean. However, enough Arabic blood was mixed with the locals in the southernmost parts of Europe that the distinctive dark look, which is today mistakenly called the "Mediterranean" look, is the lasting evidence of the Muslim invasion."

Here our friend says that the 'dark look' of many Spanish and most of the south europeans nations it's not due to our ancestors of mediterranean white race, but for the infiltration of muslim blood. So lets us see it Mr. Kemp, what is your final decision? we are 'dark' owing to your One Million of blacks slaves or owing to the moorish? Well, as you can see this guy talks of Muslims, Arabs and Moorish in equivalents terms, like if they were the same thing.

With these we have tried to give a shallow response to these malicious topics about our origin. We don't need to justify ourselves or to find a glorious past full of lights and hide the shades. Simply we want to give some light to this subject and stand very clear that the Spanish has been and are (and we don't know if they will be) a white nation.

Some parts of this article have been translated from 'Tierra de Lobos' website

Genetical Studies in North West Africans and Spanish prove a clear differentiation between both groups of populations

TAKEN FROM:
http://batzerlab.lsu.edu/Publications/Comas%20et%20al.%202000%20Hum%20Genet.pdf

Hum Genet (2000) 107 :312–319
DOI 10.1007/s004390000370
ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION

David Comas · Francesc Calafell · Noufissa Benchemsi · Ahmed Helal · Gerard Lefranc · Mark Stoneking · Mark A. Batzer · Jaume Bertranpetit · Antti Sajantila

Alu insertion polymorphisms in NW Africa and the Iberian Peninsula: searching for evidences for a strong genetic boundary through the Gibraltar Straits

An analysis of 11 Alu insertion polymorphisms (ACE, TPA25, PV92, APO, FXIIIB, D1, A25, B65, HS2.43, HS3.23, and HS4.65) has been performed in several NW African (Northern, Western, and Southeastern Moroccans;
Saharawi; Algerians; Tunisians) and Iberian (Basques, Catalans, and Andalusians) populations. Genetic distances and
principal component analyses show a clear differentiation of NW African and Iberian groups of samples, suggesting
a strong genetic barrier matching the geographical Mediterranean Sea barrier. The restriction to gene flow may be attributed
to the navigational hazards across the Straits, but cultural factors must also have played a role.
Moroccans, as a result of a continuous gene flow across the Sahara desert that has created a south-north cline of sub-Saharan Africa influence in North Africa. Iberian samples show a substantial degree of homogeneity and fall within the cluster of European-based genetic diversity .

Introduction
Until recently, few genetic studies have been performed in NW Africa. In the latest compilation of classical genetic markers in North Africa (Bosch et al. 1997), the first principal component (PC) of gene frequencies showed an east-west pattern of genetic differentiation, in agreement with the geographical barrier imposed by the Sahara and the Mediterranean. Recent work with autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs; Bosch et al. 2000), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences (Rando et al. 1998),
and Y-chromosome haplotypes (Bosch et al. 1999) has suggested that the gene flow between NW Africa and
Iberia and that between sub-Saharan Africa and NW Africa has been small.
MtDNA variation in NW Africa (Rando et al. 1998) has shown a high frequency (up to 25%) of geographically specific sequences (named haplogroup U6) that is essentially absent in the Iberian Peninsula (from 0% in Andalusians to 5% in Portuguese). The
mtDNA analysis has shown a limited gene flow from Europe to NW Africa that could be attributed to recent human
movements. The study of Y-chromosome haplotypes (Bosch et al. 1999) shows little admixture between NW
Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. The study of 21 autosomal STR loci in NW Africa has also shown a clear genetic
difference between NW African populations and Iberians, although some degree of gene flow into Southern Iberia
(Andalusians) can be detected (Bosch et al. 2000). [...]
In order to place NW African and Iberian Alu insertion genetic diversity in a global frame, we compared our samples
with other European and African groups: French, Bretons, and Swiss, and Kung, Nguni, and Bantu speakers from the Sotho/Tswana branch. The Alu insertion frequencies for the eight loci analyzed by Stoneking et al. (1997) were compiled, and the three remaining loci (HS2.43, HS 3.23, and HS4.65) were typed as described with the same samples. Genetic distances were calculated and represented in an NJ tree (Fig. 5). The tree clearly separated first sub-Saharan populations from the rest with strong bootstrap support (96.9%) and subsequently Europeans from NW Africans (85.8% of bootstrap support). The Iberian samples clustered together with the rest of European populations, and no robust branches existed between them, suggesting
a high homogeneity within European populations.
NW African populations clustered together; however, it is also interesting to note that the two samples that presented unique characteristics in the previous analyses (Saharawi and Southeastern Moroccans) were closer to sub-Saharan Africans, and the branch linking them together showed strong bootstrap support (82.9%).
In this paper, we have analyzed 11 Alu insertion polymorphisms in several North African and Iberian populations, and in all the analyses performed, a clear differentiation between both groups of populations has been detected.
These results are concordant with previous studies of classical polymorphisms (Bosch et al. 1997; Simoni et al. 1999), Y-chromosome polymorphisms (Bosch et al. 1999), and autosomal STRs (Bosch et al. 2000): a clear differentiation
between NW Africa and Iberians is shown by genetic distances and PC analy sis. [...]

European and African populations for the 11 Alu insertion loci analyzed (NMoroccans Northern Moroccans, WMoroccans Western
Moroccans, SEMoroccans Southeastern Moroccans). Bootstrap supports over 60% (out of 1000 iterations) are indicated along the
nodes. Arrow Position of the hypothetical ancestor population that does not contain Alu insertions documented by historians, its demographic impact may have been limited.
The geographical distance between NW Africa and the Iberian Peninsula at its narrowest part is less than 15 km, but it could have acted as a strong geographical barrier, hindering gene flow between the two continents. The Mediterranean is a closed sea with high evaporation and draws water from the Atlantic Ocean through the Gibraltar Straits. This fact produces a strong maritime current that might have made navigation difficult and restricted gene flow. Even if sailing difficulties are unquestioned, the distance is short enough to allow ample migration. The present analysis, however, shows that the Gibraltar Straits acted as a genetic discontinuity.
In the present study, a weak genetic relationship has been found between Iberians and North African populations when observed in a wider framework. A common origin for both populations is not supported by the data.
Although Basques have been described as a genetic isolate within the homogeneous European genetic landscape,
they fall into the European diversity throughout all the analyses performed and reported here. The frequency of Alu insertions and mtDNA (Bertranpetit et al. 1995) or Y-chromosome markers (Hurles et al. 1999; Bosch et al. 1999) do not display the clear differentiation shown by other markers (such as classical genetic markers). [...]

Berbers from North Morocco and Algeria under Arab leadership crossed the Mediterranean sea and imposed
their rule in Iberia in the 8th century AD; this lasted in the southern part of the Peninsula (i.e., Andalusia) for eight
centuries, . The Arab cultural influence in the northern part of the Peninsula, represented in the present study by Catalans and Basques, was far less important than in its southern part. Nonetheless, there is little differentiation between north and south of the Iberian Peninsula in the frequencies of the Alu insertions analyzed, and therefore, the different Arab cultural influence does not correlate with the genetic variation observed: Andalusians do not show shorter genetic distances to North Africans than doCatalans.

Mr. Arthur Kemp replay

Dear friend,

My attention has been drawn to your web page entitled
==" MARCH OF THE TITANS " HISTORY ? OF THE WHITE RACE==
which contains a number of inaccuracies about my book, March of the Titans.

The central point of that web page is that I allege that 'all Spaniards are of mixed descent.'

I quote from your web page:

"...and that is the reason of why the Spanish have the hair brown and the skin darker than the Nordics (already he takes for granted that in Spain there are no people with Nordic appearance..."

and other references.

First of all, I would like to place on record that NOWHERE in 'March of the Titans' do I say that ALL Spaniards are of mixed descent.

I challenge you, or anyone, to show me where the allegation is made that "in Spain there are no people with Nordic appearance" as your web page states. To say that I have said this, is nothing but a lie, a pure invention, and I take strongest exception to it. You are distorting what I have written.
For if you, or the person who wrote that web page, had bothered to read what I have written, instead of making up false accusations, you would see that I go out of my way to say that all Spaniards are NOT of mixed
descent.

I make this point TWICE by specifically saying the following in chapter 22:

"It would however be incorrect to class every single Spaniard with this same brush - many Spaniards did not mix with either the Moors, Black slaves or the Gypsies. These people remained strongest in the north of Spain."

And

"Spain is a significant example of this principle, because, like Italy after the Lombard German invasion, that country essentially became a bi-racial nation: White in the North, with a gradually darkening population to the south."

Both these very clear and specific points are ignored on your web page. Why?

For the truth is this: the centuries of Moorish occupation and the importation of nonwhite slaves (and we can argue over the numbers of slaves) has left a mixed race element in Spain. To deny this, is to deny reality.

It does NOT mean, however, that all Spaniards are mixed: all it means is that there is a mixed race element in Spain, which is large enough to be significant. That is all I have written, and for you to make allegations to the contrary is simply untrue. I understand the sensitivities surrounding the issue, but my many White Spanish friends know and understand the situation perfectly.

Let me put it in perspective : if you read chapter 67 of March of the Titans, you will see that according to the British Home Office census of 1990, over 20 percent of all school age children in the UK today are of mixed race. In other words, there is now a significant mixed race element in the UK. This does NOT mean that all Englishmen are of mixed race, only that there is a large mixed race element present in that country.

And so it is with Spain: the presence of a mixed race element does NOT mean that all Spaniards are of mixed descent.

In summary then:

1. Your web page distorts and deliberately ignores what I have to say about the racial make-up of Spain;
2. Nowhere do I say that all Spaniards are of mixed descent;
3. Nowhere do I say that there are no Nordics in Spain; in fact I deal very clearly with the origin of the Nordic element in that society;
4. The unquestioned mixed race element which does exist in Spain is a reality, identical to that in the UK or any other European country these days. To acknowledge that this mixed race element exists, does not mean
that I say that all Spaniards are of mixed descent.

May I ask you to place the text of this email on your web page as my answer to your original article?

In spite of your open hostility, I still wish you the best and hope that you will be able to see that I bear the White people of Spain no malice at all, in fact I welcome their contribution to the world wide racial struggle.

Sincerely
Arthur Kemp
Author, March of the Titans
http://www.white-history.com

Our Replay

Dear Mr. Kemp

Many thanks for writing us, so we can clarify some points about your book.

First of all we must say that we don't intentionally ignored these two points of the chapter 22 of which you refer to. One of them (the first one that you mention) is in our text, in the part of 'Importation of black slaves' and the other one really don't appear. We took the fragments of your book from a website were they were only large specific fragments relating to Spain of chapters 22 and 23, but not the full chapter, so we must recognize that has been our fault not searching for the full chapter.

Anyway we think that has been some misunderstanding in the point about that "in Spain there are no people with Nordic appearance". The text is that: *** as a result of this, the Spaniards mixed themselves with them ,and that is the reason of why the Spanish have the hair brown and the skin darker than the Nordics (already he takes for granted that in Spain there are no people with Nordic appearance, the hair and the eyes of clear colour and with the extremely white skin). *** So, as you can see, the ''conflictive" sentence is inside parenthesis, that means that is not 'Mr. Kemp says:', is just a mark to highlight that are our opinions, not a part of the original text. It's true that in your book is said that there are Nordics in Spain, but in these point of the brown hair and dark skin there are not mentioned. In our opinion it would have been better to make a difference, instead of ' the Spanish have...' will suit better 'most of the spanish have' or a 'high percentage of Spanish have...' as you make in other parts of theese chapters . That is the question, just a syntactic appreciation. Perhaps the english translation for the Spanish expression 'take something for granted' don't catch the same sense, but as we have said this was our own opinion, were not trying to put this words in your mouth. To avoid confusion we'll put all our comments 'inside parenthesis' in italic style.

Our aim was not to deny the influence of Moorish occupation in our racial make-up, we just wanted to give some light about the subjects of the origin of the 'dark look' of an important number of the spaniards and of the importation of 1 million of black slaves, as we think that are not clearly exposed in you book or that has no reasonable basis.

About the fact of the 'dark look'
In chapter 22 we can read
" EXPULSION OF 250,000 MIXED RACE PEOPLES BY PHILIP II [...]
This remarkable example of the expulsion on racial grounds was a major reason why the infusion of Moorish blood into Spain was not as significant as it could have been, and thus played only a minor contributing role in the creation of the dark looks "

" A lthough it has never been established what were the exact numbers of Black slaves imported into Spain, the figure was certainly in excess of one million. Almost all of these Blacks from deepest Africa were then absorbed into Spain, significantly altering vast numbers of the Spanish population. The infusion of this huge number of Black slaves into the Spanish population finally created the very dark element in Spanish society to this day, "

and in chapter 23
"THE WHITE RECONQUEST During the period of Muslim dominance in Spain, a few regions managed
to hold out against the Arabs even at their height. In this way Barcelona was never occupied by the Arabs, as were some northern regions. These regions banded together in a broad anti-Muslim alliance, and began pushing south, slowly but surely driving the Muslims back. This was a painfully slow process and lasted many hundreds of years - more than enough time for a certain amount of mixing between parts of the White population and the Arab rulers to have taken place, helping to create the "dark" Spanish look which can be seen amongst many inhabitants of Spain today "

So in one chapter you can read that the moorish played only a minor contributing role in the creation of the dark look, and that the dark look comes manly for the 1 million of black slaves; and in the next that the muslim dominance lasted for many hundred years so the arabs presence was an important help to create the dark look. That seems us a littel bit contradictory. Well, the arabs were a minority elite and the the high arab nobility had ancient indoeuropeans origins and it's not an equivalent term for moorish; anyway we wont make more discussion about this, it's clear that the moorish presence in our country lasted for more than 700 years and the racial mix in the occupied regions was inevitable, but we must comment that as in the christian regions the mudejares (muslims that lived in reconquered christian regions) lived in ghettos outside the city walls and have to suffer discrimination, in the muslims regions they have an equivalent in the mozarabes (christians that lived in invaded regions) that had to suffer the same discrimination, so in both cases the mixed unions had a social rejection, we don't say that there were not unions, but there were rare between different religious communities. Another thing were the whites that lived in the invaded regions and converted to Islam, this ones were who formed the most important mix race element, but this process was very slow, as an example in the book 'Yamhara' of the genealogist Ibn Hazm, wrote in the XI century, he only register 81 lineages of arab origins in all the invaded regions of Spain; we can also mention that the mosque of Granada, who's contruction was started by a comrade in arms of Muza took one century and a half to be finished, as Ibn Al-Jatib tolds, due to the short number of muslims that were in the city and the surrounding region.

Now we must talk about the very controversial point of the one million of black slaves imported to Spain. We would like to know who has told you that or where have you read it, because it has no historical basis.
The aproximated numbers of population in the Spain of 1700, 1800 and 1900 were 7 milions, 11 millions and 18,6 millions respectively (The slavery was abolished by the Royal Decree of 7 of October of 1886, so we take the year 1886 as the date in which starts the freedom of blacks) . So in that year we are are talking of 1 million of pure deep-african blacks living in a nation of 17 millions of habitants. As you know there is a natural tendency to reject the alien elements, so in the 200 years that go between 1800 and 2000 an important number of these blacks should have remained pure, not mixed due to racial and social prejudices, and should be still 'visible' in Spain, or not? Also, according to this theory, we should have some kind of 'afrohispanics' with different grades of racial mixture. Well then, we should inform you that the unique pure blacks nowadays in Spain are the illegal immigrants arrived in the last 20 years, and that there are no 'afrohispanics' in our country. Also, a so high infusion of black slaves will have not only gave the Spaniards a 'dark look', but also some of the anthropological / genotype racial characters of the blacks, like the hair, nose, bones and other physical features, that are Not present in the Spanish population. You can ask this to any of your white spanish friends.

We would like to talk a littel bit about a point that was not mentioned in our webpage; in your book we can read about Francisco Franco:
" Although widely dismissed as a Fascist or a Nazi, he was in fact neither, merely an old style autocrat. Part Jewish, he refused to join Hitler during the Second World War, "

We are not franquists and neither we consider his government as the best period in Spain, but we would like to clarify this so many heard story of the jewish origin of Franco. Here you can read some paragraphs translated from a book called 'Vida de Franco' published by chapters in the monarchic newspaper ABC, ten years after Franco's death.
" the genealogy of Franco is clearly determinate, there is no minimum evidence of jewish origins, as many have said without proofs; neither links with the european nobility. The proved origin of Franco's family is the Cadiz bay (south of spain in the atlantic coast), since the last years of the XVII era. It's possible that some ancestors come from Jerez and Canary islands, but since 1687 the father line of Franco's family it's checked in the person of Juan Franco Doblado Lapino y Parrado, which ancestors, as it seems, were andalusian militaries at least as two generations before. One of the branches of the family moved to Aragon [...] this hidalgo family - noble but whitout title - combine, in the opinion of one of our first genealogists, the duke of Tovar, all the requisites to join the most exigent military orders. Most of the Franco's ancestors were members of the navy and worked with no exception, with high professionally and merits. Since 1730 the family settled in El Ferrol (Galicia, in the nortwest of Spain) "

During the Catholic Kings Kingdom, and under the dynasty oh the Hasburgo the jewish could not join the military orders, as they could not pass through the 'purity of blood' requirements that were needed, so none of the supossed jewish Franco ancestors of 1600 could have join a military order. So until we have enough proofs of this jewish origin we put it in quarantine.

In our article our intention was to use the irony, and there is some hostility in the part of the point of the one million slaves, because we could not understand how in a book that is one of the scare initiatives made inside the racialism world, that tries to be an overhaul of the history of all the present and past nations of white race,
could be a so conceited argument. It's true that you don't say that all Spaniards are of mixed descent, but you say that the 'dark look' of a high percentage of the Spaniards is not a heritage of our aryan mediterranean ancestors but mainly a result of the infiltration of one million of slaves of the deepest black Africa. This theorie provokes so absurd discussions in stormfront forums like 'if the south europeans should be considered whites' or pan-germanist organizations like the Heathen Front that in their chats considers all the spaniards as half-breeds.

Of course we will place the text of your email in our web page as your answer to our article

With the best Racial regards

'Editorial staff' of Blood of Conquerors & R.A.C of Spain
http://www.libreopinion.com/members/ch1492/english

Mr. Arthur Kemp replay (2)

Dear friends

At last I get an opportunity to reply to your long email.

Your wrote:
<Our aim was not to deny the influence of Moorish occupation in our
racial make-up>>

White Spaniards have no Moorish influence in them: I have said repeatedly in my chapter on Spain that the population living in Spain has been divided up between those who have mixed, and those who have not.
If you are White Spanish, then you have no Moorish, or any other non-White, blood in you.

----
I note that you also ignore my comments about the influence of the Gypsies in Spain. Please read it at
: http://www.white-history.com/hwr22.htm as follows:
[...]
Please read the above carefully, and in particular the last two paragraphs.
----
<<<<Now we must talk about the very controversial point of the one
million of black slaves imported to Spain. We would like to know who has
told you that or where have you read it, because it has no historical basis.>>>>

I have prepared a special report for you to consider on this issue. It is the genetic evidence for this specifically Negroid element, which has sadly affected not only parts of Spain, but Portugal, Italy, Greece and parts of the Balkans as well.

The report shows genetic evidence in the form of Sickle Cell Anemia.

I must add the following : AT NO STAGE do I suggest that all inhabitants of the countries mentioned below, are of mixed race.
What I do say is that it is clear that a significant portion are of mixed race, but this DOES NOT imply that ALL are. Please bear this in mind.
This is worth repeating again: NOWHERE DO I SAY THAT ALL SPANIARDS ARE OF MIXED DESCENT. That certain elements of Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece and parts of the Balkans, are of mixed descent, DOES NOT MEAN THAT ALL the people from those countries are mixed.

---
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA - A GENETIC FOOTPRINT PROVING RACIAL MIXING

1. What is Sickle Cell Anemia?
"Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder, characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain." - (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.pdf)

2. What Causes Sickle Cell Anemia?
" Sickle cell anemia is caused by an error in the gene that tells the body how to make haemoglobin. The defective gene tells the body to make the abnormal haemoglobin that results in deformed red blood cells."
(National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.pdf,)

3. How is Sickle Cell Anemia transmitted?
Sickle Cell Anemia is genetic. It can only be transmitted through direct genetic inheritance.
"Children who inherit copies of the defective gene from both parents will have sickle cell anemia. Children who inherit the defective sickle haemoglobin gene from only one parent will not have the disease, but will carry the sickle cell trait. Individuals with sickle cell trait generally have no symptoms, but they can pass the sickle haemoglobin gene on to their children." (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD.
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.pdf)

4. Where did Sickle Cell Anemia originate?
"The beta-globin gene exists in a region of chromosome 11 called the "beta globin locus." The substitutions in the flanking regions of the gene (the haplotypes) show that Hb S arose separately at least four times in Africa, and once in Asia, possibly in India (Nagel and Fleming, 1992)." (Harvard University,
http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/scdmanage.html)

5. Who has Sickle Cell Anemia?
"Sickle Cell Anemia is common among people whose ancestors come from sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking regions (South America, Cuba, Central America); Saudi Arabia; India; and Mediterranean countries, such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy." (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.pdf,)

"Usually, people with sickle cell disease outside Africa (e.g., blacks in the United States) or India have mixed haplotypes for their sickle cell genes." (Harvard University, http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/scdmanage.html)

"Hb S is common in some areas of the Mediterranean basin, including regions of Italy, Greece, Albania and Turkey (Boletini et al., 1994) (Schiliro et al., 1990). Haplotype analysis shows that the Hb S in these areas originated in Africa. The genes probably moved along ancient trading routes between wealthy kingdoms in western Africa and the trade centers in the Mediterranean basin." (Harvard University, http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/scdmanage.html)

From 'Sickle Cell Disease: A Brief Overview' By Ernest A. Turner, M.D. Director of the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN.:
"Sickle cell disease is a worldwide health problem. In Africa alone there are approximately 200,000 infants born
with Hb SS. In the United Slates there are approximately 2,000 infants born annually. Therefore, Hb SS is a major health problem both in the U.S. and the world. Worldwide sickle cell disease affects individuals living in Southern Italy, Northern Greece, Southern Turkey, the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, India, and equatorial Africa. Thus, as immigrants from all over the world arrive in the U.S., it is no longer just Africans who require medical management of SCD." -( http://blackhealthnetwork.com/articles/article.asp?articleid=26)

Sickle Cell is also found in Portugal:

"I Haemoglobin S : This is extremely common in Africa, particularly in countries south of the Sahara (but not South Africa), and in some Asian Indian tribes. It is also found in areas where beta thalassaemia is common, such as the Middle East, northern India, Pakistan, Greece, Sicily and southern Italy, Albania, southern Turkey and southern Portugal." - (GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF HAEMOGLOBIN DISORDERS, Bernadette Modell, Welcome Principal Research Fellow, Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University College London Medical School http://www.thalassaemia.org.cy/articles/01Geog_Distrib.htm)

And

"Sickle cell was taken with African slaves to North and South America and the West Indies in the 17th to 19th centuries, and as many as ten per cent of all black people in these countries now carry it. In more recent years it has been brought to western Europe by migrants from the Caribbean and Africa, and is first becoming established in most industrial cities in the developed world. In Britain, about ten per cent of all Afro Caribbean and over 20 per cent of all Africans carry it. It is also found in the Indian, Pakistani, Cypriot, Italian, Greek and
Portuguese communities, and very occasionally indeed in northern Europeans." - (GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF HAEMOGLOBIN DISORDERS, Bernadette Modell, Welcome Principal Research Fellow, Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University College London Medical School
http://www.thalassaemia.org.cy/articles/01Geog_Distrib.htm)

Other evidence of Sickle Cell Anemia in Portugal:

"In Hb Lepore-Washington-Boston, which has been commonly found in Italy, Spain and the countries from the Balkan peninsula, the breakpoint lies between codons 87 and 116a-87 aa116-146. The cross over breakpoint of Hb Lepore-Baltimore is between codons 50 and 86 aa1-50 aa86-146 and this variant is quite often found in Brazil, Central Portugal and Italy [5]."

"Hb Lepore ab2 is one of the most common abnormal haemoglobin in Caucasians [5]. The majority of such variants i.e. Hb Lepore-Baltimore aa1-50 aa86-146 and Hb Lepore-Washington-Boston a-87 aa116-146 are
prevalent in Central Portugal and in the Spanish Alta Extremadura. Source: [5] Ribeiro, M.L., et al., Hb Lepore-Baltimore (delta 68Leu-beta 84Thr) and Hb Lepore-Washington-Boston (delta 87Gln-beta IVS-II-8) in central Portugal and Spanish Alta Extremadura. Hum Genet, 1997. 99(5): p. 669-73. - (Case Report Complex interactions of db db hybrid haemoglobin (Hb Lepore-Hollandia), Hb E (b b 26 GR RA ) and a a + thalassaemia in a Thai family, Vip Viprakasit, Parichat Pung-Amritt, Lerlugh Suwanthon, Kevin Clark, and Voravarn S. Tanphaichitr, all from the MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, and Haematology-Oncology Division, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (http://www.ejh.dk/articles/637accepted.pdf)

Portuguese communities in the USA are note as having a high incidence of Sickle Cell Anemia:

"Health Notes/Traditional Medical Practices: Common health problems in the Portuguese community are heart disease, high blood pressure, alcoholism and depression. Individuals from the south of Portugal may be
carriers of sickle cell disease, often not diagnosed because patients are Caucasians." (Office of Refugee and Immigrant Health Refugees and Immigrants in Massachusetts http://www.state.ma.us/dph/orih/por1.htm)

=========================

What then are the conclusions which can be drawn from the above?

1. Sickle Cell Anemia originated amongst the sub-Saharan Black African population.
2. It is transmitted genetically - that is, from direct parent-to-child.
3. The incidence of Sickle Cell Anemia in Black African populations AND in Southern Italy, Greece, Portugal Turkey, Saudi-Arabia, India and 'Spanish speaking territories' therefore proves that elements - BUT NOT
ALL - of these societies physically absorbed Black African populations. There is no other way the disease could have spread into these regions.
4. The genetic footprint left by Sickle Cell Anemia therefore conclusively shows the accuracy of historical events which led to the absorption of Non-White races into elements of the previously all-White populations of Italy, Greece, Spain, Turkey India and elsewhere in the Middle East.
5. While it is of course obvious that this racial mixing did not affect all members of these societies, it did affect enough to hamper the development of parts of those societies, and laid those lands open to further incursions by other groupings, White and non-White.

Our Replay (2)

Dear Mr. Kemp

It's true that the question about the gypsies is not mentioned in our article. We think that it was more important to clarify this question of the one million of black slaves, because it seemed us incredible to read such a thing.
[...] (The replay to this point is in the text above)

Now we go with the million of slaves subject

We have to say that these way of proving a theory is at least not much orthodox. You said that the sickle cell anemia is a genetic evidence that proves that the Spanish society physically absorbed Black African populations. But the problem is that we have not found any reference of these blood disease, the only references are of medical congress where they talk about the challenges of the arrival of immigrants to Spain, that could made appear pathologies never seen before in our country, like sickle cell anemia. Here you have that text in spanish, you can ask any of your spanish friends to translate it:
" Estos problemas se relacionan en ocasiones con la importación de enfermedades de alta prevalencia en el lugar de origen de los inmigrantes, que pueden ser enfermedades también presentes en España, o enfermedades tropicales como la esquitomatosis o el paludismo. Los emigrantes, igualmente, pueden importar otras enfermedades de naturaleza no transmisible, como la anemia falciforme. Patologías no vistas hasta ahora en nuestro país que plantean nuevas necesidades de formación para los profesionales sanitarios que les atienden."

Also in most of the quotes you send there is not a clear refference to the presence of this blood disorder in Spain:
"Sickle Cell Anemia is common among people whose ancestors come from sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking regions (South America, Cuba, Central America); Saudi Arabia; India; and Mediterranean countries, such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy ." (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.pdf,) "

"Hb S is common in some areas of the Mediterranean basin, including regions of Italy, Greece, Albania and Turkey (Boletini et al., 1994) (Schiliro et al., 1990). ( http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/scdmanage.html)

" Worldwide sickle cell disease affects individuals living in Southern Italy, Northern Greece, Southern Turkey, the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, India, and equatorial Africa.
( http://blackhealthnetwork.com/articles/article.asp?articleid=26) "

"In Britain , about ten per cent of all Afro Caribbean and over 20 per cent of all Africans carry it. It is also found in the Indian, Pakistani, Cypriot, Italian, Greek and Portuguese communities, and very occasionally indeed in northern Europeans.
http://www.thalassaemia.org.cy/articles/01Geog_Distrib.htm) "

and our own quotes

" Who has sickle Cell?
SCA is seen most often in Africans and African Americans. However, persons who originated from East Asia, Southern Italy, Saudi Arabia, India, Egypt, South and Central American, Cuba, Greece, and Iran, and Eastern Jews have also been found to have a form of this illness (http://www.4sicklecellanemia.org/gpage4.html) "

There are only references in
"In Hb Lepore-Washington-Boston, which has been commonly found in Italy, Spain and the countries from the Balkan peninsula, the breakpoint lies between codons 87 and 116a-87 aa116-146. The cross over breakpoint of Hb Lepore-Baltimore is between codons 50 and 86 aa1-50 aa86-146 and this variant is quite often found in Brazil, Central Portugal and Italy [5]."

But it does not speak about Hb S, but about Hb Lepore, that we suppose it's a variation as it not includes the S hemoglobin gene. Note that they speak of Spain in general, and particullary of one region of Spain, very close to Portugal.
And the reference about 'Spanish speaking territories' is clearly for countries in the Caribbean, Central and South America.

So to use this supposed high incidence of Sick cell anemia in Spain as unique prove of the importation of one million of black slaves is a thing that follows a no logical way of proving a theory. First you would have to find references in novels, in books, in paintings, in royal decrees, documents... of the last five centuries that prove that there was such an important presence of black slaves; Second to know how was the rural live in that centuries in Spain and the agriculture situation. Third to search for facts typical of blacks heritage like mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosome STRs and anthropometrical data in the Spanish population. This is the correct way to justify a theory. We give you some reference about the black slaves presence in Spain in the under lines, but first we would like to talk a little bit about the sick cell anemia, with some quotes:

" The error in the hemoglobin gene results from a genetic mutation that occurred many thousands of years ago in people in parts of Africa, the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East, and India. A deadly form of malaria was very common at that time, and malaria epidemics caused the death of great numbers of people.
Studies show that in areas where malaria was a problem, children who inherited one sickle hemoglobin
gene - and who, therefore, carried the sickle cell trait - had a survival advantage: unlike the children who had normal hemoglobin genes, they survived the malaria epidemics; they grew up, had their own children, and passed on the gene for sickle hemoglobin. As populations migrated, the sickle cell mutation spread to other
Mediterranean areas, further into the Middle East, and eventually into the Western Hemisphere. In the United States and other countries where malaria is not a problem, the sickle hemoglobin gene no longer provides a survival advantage.( http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.pdf ) "

"Sickle cell anemeia in the India [...] Water borne and communicable diseases: Gastrointestinal disorders, particularly dysentery and parasitic infections are very common, leading to marked morbidity and malnutrition. Malaria and tuberculosis still remain a problem in many tribal areas, while the spectrum of viral and venereal diseases have not been studied in-depth. High prevalence of genetic disorders mostly involving red blood cells: Genetically transmitted disorders like sickle cell anaemia, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and different forms of thalassaemia are also common. All these defects lead to the early destruction of red blood cells and add to the overall anaemia. (http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/india_scd.html)"
Note that this Indian tribal groups are not negroid

" Why is it that the heterozygous form of sickle cell anemia is so common in Central Africa even though the homozygous individuals die without reproducing? The answer has to do with environmental conditions and the presence of malaria in Central Africa. Since the heterozygous individuals rarely get malaria they survive better than those individuals who have the "wild" type (ss) genotype and also survive better than those who have the homozygous dominant (SS) genotype since these individuals die young. The presence of the malaria parasite in the environment causes natural selection and maintains the heterozygous (Ss) population. (http://advlearn.lrdc.pitt.edu/belvedere/materials/Evolution/sickle.htm) "

So it's clear the relation between malaria and sick cell anemia, and it's proved that there were mutations of this gene in no negroid populations, near the Persian Gulf, and in tribes of the India, where there was also malaria.
Were are not going to discuss if this trait is a permanent marker that doesn't disappear with the disappearance of malaria or if there is only passed on for a few generations. In Spain there is no evidence of an important incidence of sickle cell anemia. According to your theory it must be high for the supposed importation of one million of black slaves, but it is not.

More about this subject in Legion Europa
http://www.legioneuropa.org/Racediv/wmadd2.htm

Now we give you some reference about the black slaves presence and their situation in Spain.

In 1442 the Portuguese were involved in the trade of slaves and as a result black slaves were imported to Spain fifty years before the discovery of the Americas, which resulted in an elaborate slave code. There are references that say that a section of the city of Seville was inhabited by thousands of blacks. In Seville, during the Renaissance, blacks were frequently denied proper burial. Archaeological discoveries have unearthed literal dumping grounds outside the old city walls for people who were of African descent. The Inquisition also persecuted black slaves; most were accused of blasphemy. In many cases, abused black slaves resorted to blasphemy because they believed that Inquisition authorities would treat them more mercifully than their masters. And as you can imagine after the Inquisition did his job there were not many opportunities for this black to mix with the whites...
Life for black Africans was harder than for any other group in Spanish society. Malnutrition, physical exhaustion, and punishment was their common lot. In larger cities of the south special quarters existed for blacks, both free and in bondage, since some masters did not allow slaves to live with them, and officials sought to keep blacks separate from the white population. Escape was very difficult in a hostile society, and punishment for it very harsh, in the form of lashes, branding, and amputations.
Free blacks had little opportunity to advance in society because they were excluded from almost every trade and profession. Laws and local ordinances limited the access of blacks to professional ranks, the church hierarchy, convents for women, universities, and practically all legitimate trade guilds. Various cities enacted laws limiting the movement of blacks, both free and enslaved. Laws prohibited blacks in most cases from carrying weapons either in cities or in the countryside at a time when violent crime was rampant, especially in cities like Madrid or Seville. Laws of limpieza de sangre, or "purity of blood" permitted legal discrimination against anyone of black African descent.
The flood of slaves that had arrived in Spain during this period came to a slow end in the early 17th century, when Portugal lost its control of the coast of Guinea to the Spanish economy began to decline. Seville's commercial monopoly in the colonies eroded, and it lost its position as a slave trade center. The price of black slaves became too expensive in relation to free labour. The remaining population of African descent ceased to be a distinct group within a few generations.
Deaths, intermarriage after manumission, and few merger within a few generations with the nonblack population led to the disappearance of the black population in Spain by the mid-18th century. According to the doctrine of the Church, at least during XV century, they didn't have soul, something not very good for living in a Catholic country like the Spain of those centuries. The absence of large plantations for the cultivation of sugar, cotton, coffee, and tobacco, or even extensive mining limited the demand for slave labour in Spain. The local supply of free labour also competed successfully with slaves (whose purchase and maintenance could be expensive).

During the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), General Francisco Franco's Nationalists employed Moroccan troops. These soldiers, however, were purposely isolated from the rest of society and were seen as a sort of occupying force, and as a exotic personal guard of Franco. The corps disappeared when the first conflicts in morocco territories arose. Spain's other remaining colony in Africa was the territory known as Spanish Guinea. After 1959 the black population of Spanish Guinea gained equal legal standing with whites. This facilitated the migration of the rich ones to Spain seeking work and higher education. They still compose the largest single national group of African descent in Spain today. Their acceptance by Spanish society is lukewarm at best, even though they share language and religion, but not culture with the Spanish white majority.
We didn't have some many colonies in Africa as other countries like Portugal or Holland.

A cursory glance at golden age works of drama reveal an abundance of racially hostile representations of Blacks in Spain. In fact, in a book entitled, "La imagen de los negros en el teatro del Siglo de Oro (1995)", (the image of the black in the theatre of the Gold Century) of Baltasar Fra Molinero dedicates an entire chapter to the Black as an object of ridicule in golden age Spanish theatre.

In Spain there was no necessity for the importation of high numbers of slaves, because as we have said there were not large plantations for the cultivation of sugar, tobacco, cotton or coffee. In Spain till the XX century most of the agriculture lands were 'latifundios' (extensive rural property belonging to one person) owned by 'terratenientes' (large-acred / landholder) and they have his own native 'siervos' (serfs). The situation of this serfs came from the Middle Age, and evolved slowly trough the centuries, from a total slavery regime to a semi slavery regime. So the land owners do not need to buy black salves, because they already have his own spanish's 'slaves' which only cost for the land owners was to give them a decrepit housing, food and some money. The serf status passed from parents to sons, because in these rural areas most of the serfs were analphabets, and they didn't have opportunities to prosper. Even in 1960 in some rural areas of Spain that situation was maintained, as you can read in the book of Miguel Delibes 'Los santos inocentes' (The innocent saints) There is also a film about this novel.

We also do not have a range of black-white racial mix-types like mulatto, cuarteron, mestizo... as they have in some Southamerican countries were large numbers of black slaves where imported.

In resume there is no evidence that proves your theory about the Spanish colonial policy that produced the importation of Black slaves in excess of one million. This theory has the same consistency as if we said that these million of blacks came with the troops of Anibal, or that the reality is that this million of blacks escaped from the Atlantida's collapse and arrived to the Iberian peninsula.

With the best Racial wishes.

'Editorial staff' of Blood of Conquerors & R.A.C of Spain
http://www.libreopinion.com/members/ch1492/english

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